543 - COVID disruptions and parent well-being: Role of family resilience, functioning, and self-efficacy

Poster Number: 543
Publication Number: 543.118

Keith J. Martin, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; William Heerman, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; H. Shonna Yin, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Lee M. Sanders, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Kori Flower, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Russell L. Rothman, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States; Alan M. Delamater, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States; Charles T. Wood, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States; Jonathan S. Schildcrout, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States; Evan C. Sommer, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN, United States; Michelle White, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States; Eliana M. Perrin, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States

Background: COVID-19’s negative impact on parent well-being has been widely reported, but little is known about potentially protective family-level factors that may mitigate this impact.

Objective: To examine whether the relationship between COVID-19 disruption and parent well-being was moderated by family resilience, family functioning, or parent COVID-related self-efficacy.

Design/Methods: A subset of parents of infants in an ongoing multi-site study completed additional COVID-19-related surveys, including measures of COVID-19 disruption (using the CEFIS Part 1: Exposure), parent well-being during the pandemic, family resilience, family functioning, and COVID-related self-efficacy. Three regression models assessed whether the association between disruption and well-being was moderated by resilience, functioning, or self-efficacy, after adjusting for covariates including: child and parent age as well as parent or household language, race/ethnicity, nativity, education, income, and number of adults and children in the household. Plots of model-based estimates show the disruption-well-being relationship for high and low moderator values.

Results: Out of 900 parents, 593 completed the full survey (17% Black, 50% Hispanic, 40% household income < $35k). The mean (SD) was 10.6 (4.1) for disruption (0-25 scale), and 23.3 (4.4) for well-being (8-32 scale; Table 1). Point estimates indicated that higher COVID-19 disruption was associated with lower well-being, but the association was only statistically significant in the family functioning model (-0.38; 95% CI=[-0.64, -0.13]; p=0.003). The interaction terms were not statistically significant in any model. However, family functioning (B=-3.92; 95% CI=[-5.61, -2.22]; p< 0.001) and self-efficacy (B=0.35; 95% CI=[0.15, 0.54]; p=0.001) were significantly associated with well-being, and the family resilience-well-being relationship was marginally significant (B=1.75; 95% CI=[-0.20, 3.70]; p=0.08). Results are plotted in Figure 1: for both high and low moderator values, as disruption increased, estimates of well-being appear to decrease, but the slopes of the lines appear nearly parallel (i.e., no meaningful interaction).

Conclusion(s): Associations between COVID-19 disruption and parent well-being were not moderated by family resilience, family functioning, and COVID-related self-efficacy in this sample of parents of infants. However, the observed associations between family resilience, family functioning, and COVID-related self-efficacy and parent well-being suggest an avenue for future research to determine appropriate intervention targets to improve parent well-being.