Long Term Respiratory Consequences of Prematurity

Saturday, April 29, 2023

11:00 AM – 12:30 PM ET

Location: Convention Center: 145 AB

CE: Live CME: 1.50

Selected By: Neonatal

Chair(s)

Richard Martin, MD (he/him/his)

Professor
Pediatrics/Reproductive Biology/Physiology & Biophysics
Rainbow Babies
Lyndhurst, Ohio, United States
RR

Rita Ryan, MD

Neonatologist
Pediatrics
UH Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital/Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Disclosure(s):

Rita M. Ryan, MD: No financial relationships to disclose

Session

Description: "Fetal origins of adult disease" reveals that long-term respiratory outcomes in surviving preterm infants need close attention. Events that occur in the fetal/neonatal period have the potential for positive or negative effects on lung development. This symposium will explore the origins of later respiratory outcomes for preterm infants.

Dr. Raffay uses neonatal rodent models used to characterize the physiologic and mechanistic components of longer-term lung and airway. The balance of contractile and relaxant contributors to airway function and the influence of lung parenchymal injury on airway function contribute to later airway dysfunction.

Increased airway reactivity is common in former preterm infants, even those not extremely preterm. Dr. McEvoy will discuss preventive measures for optimizing respiratory function in these infants.

Dr. Abman will discuss the long-term consequences of prematurity on cardiac function, not only pulmonary vascular disease/resultant pulmonary hypertension, but the poorly understood impacts on biventricular function.

Intermittent hypoxemic events are almost universal in preterm infants and their potential consequences are worrisome. Dr. Gozal will has shown that such episodes, when recurrent, have long-term adverse effects on respiratory control. The high incidence of sleep disordered breathing in childhood may well be attributable to early life intermittent hypoxemia.

The high incidence of prematurity in Black infants is compounded by an increased risk of adverse respiratory outcome. It remains imperative to explore the sociodemographic contributors to this societal problem to improve respiratory outcomes in this risk group. Dr. Lewis will bring her expertise in discussing racial disparities in premature infants with lung disease.

Learning Objectives:

appreciate the effect of NICU care on later respiratory problems for premature infants.
consider new preventive measures to improve respiratory outcomes in premature infants.
understand how racial disparities can be discussed positively in the neonatology discipline.

Presentations:

11:00 AM – 11:15 AM ET

The immature Airway: Translational Lessons from Animal Models
Speaker: Thomas M. Raffay, MD (he/him/his) – Case Western Reserve University/Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital
11:15 AM – 11:30 AM ET

Respiratory Function of NICU Graduates in Childhood, Adolescence and Beyond
Speaker: Cindy T. McEvoy, MD, MCR (she/her/hers) – Oregon Health & Science University
11:30 AM – 11:45 AM ET

Pulmonary Vascular and Cardiovascular Outcomes After the NICU
Speaker: Steve Abman, MD (he/him/his) – University of Colorado School of Medicine
11:45 AM – 12:00 PM ET

Is Intermittent Hypoxemia of Prematurity a Precursor of Sleep Disordered Breathing?
Speaker: David Gozal, MD, MBA, PhD (he/him/his) – University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine
12:00 PM – 12:15 PM ET

The Challenge or Racial Disparity in Respiratory Outcomes
Speaker: Tamorah Lewis, MD, PhD (she/her/hers) – University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine
12:15 PM – 12:30 PM ET

Panel Discussion, Questions and Answers for all presentations
Speaker: Richard J. Martin, MD (he/him/his) – Rainbow Babies